Malware Forensics Field Guide for Linux Systems

اختصاصی از فی فوو Malware Forensics Field Guide for Linux Systems دانلود با لینک مستقیم و پر سرعت .

Malware Forensics Field Guide for Linux Systems

Year:2013

Pages :574

Extension:pdf

Guide to storage tank and equipment part 1

اختصاصی از فی فوو Guide to storage tank and equipment part 1 دانلود با لینک مستقیم و پر سرعت .

296 صفحه pdf

Guide to storage tank and equipment, The practical reference book and guide to storage tanks and ancillary equipment with a comprehensive buyers' guide to worldwide manufacturers and suppliers part 1 Bob Long, Garner

فصول 1 تا 14 کتاب:

Introduction

History of storage tanks

Ambient temperature storage tank design

Nozzle design and the effect of applied loading

The design of tank roofs-fixed

The design of tank roofs-floating

Tank fittings and ancillary equipment for ambient temperature tanks

Tank venting of ambient temperature tanks

Non-vertical cylindrical tanks and other types

Material selection criteria for ambient temperature tanks

Fabrication considerations for ambient temperature tanks

Erection considerations for ambient temperature tanks

Foundations for ambient temperature storage tanks

Layout of ambient temperature tank installations

A Concise Guide to Endodontic Procedures, Springer, 2015

اختصاصی از فی فوو A Concise Guide to Endodontic Procedures, Springer, 2015 دانلود با لینک مستقیم و پر سرعت .

198 صفحه pdf

A Concise Guide to Endodontic Procedures, Springer, 2015

فهرست کامل مطالب کتاب:

1 The Differential Diagnosis of Endodontic Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Talking to Patients About Saving Their Teeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Patient Consent and Record Keeping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Talking with Patients to Diagnose the Cause of Pain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Endodontic Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Facial Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Dental Examination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Radiographic Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
SOAP Framework for the Differential Diagnosis
of Endodontic Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Subjective Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Objective Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Assessing Information to Reach a Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Plan/Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Dental History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Medical History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Dental Pulp Vitality Diagnosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Dental Pulp Sensibility Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Electric Pulp Tester . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Cold and Heat Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Palpation Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Percussion Testing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Cavity Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Experimental Dental Pulp Sensibility Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Exploratory Surgical Flap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Anesthesia Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Transillumination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Crown Examination Prior to Treatment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Tooth Structure Needed for Restorations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Root Aspect and Periodontium Examination Prior to Treatment . . . . . . . 12
Examination of the Apical Aspect of the Root and Apical Bone . . . . . . . 13
Detecting Additional Canals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Angulated Multiple Radiographs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Root Canal Working Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Electronic Apex Locators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Limitations of the Radiograph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Diagnostic Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
When to Treat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
When Not to Treat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Medical History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Reversible Pulpitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Irreversible Pulpitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Periapical Pathosis Without a Radiolucency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Periapical Pathosis With a Radiolucency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Fistula and Sinus Tract. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Swelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Periapical Lesions of Nonpulpal Origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Endodontic-Periodontic Lesions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Endodontic Lesion Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Classifi cation of Endodontic-Periodontic Lesions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Endodontic Lesions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Primary Endodontic Lesions with Secondary Periodontic
Involvement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Primary Periodontic Lesions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Primary Periodontic Lesions with Secondary Endodontic
Involvement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
True Combined Lesions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Periapical Diagnosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Diagnostic Complications Due to Radicular Anomalies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Etiology of Root Defects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Diagnosis of Root Defects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Diagnosis of a Cracked Tooth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Etiology of Cracked Teeth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Diagnosis of a Cracked Tooth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
History of a Cracked Tooth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Radiograph of a Cracked Tooth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Bite Test for a Cracked Tooth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Transillumination for a Cracked Tooth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Responsive Testing of the Pulp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Restoration Removal and Dye Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Surgical Exploration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Emergency Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Restoration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Root Canal Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Standards for Patient Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Summary of Pulp, Periapical, and Bone Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Quiz for the Topics Covered in Chapter 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Appendix 1.1. Example of a Patient Consent Form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
2 Dental Traumatic Injuries, Pain Management,
and Emergency Treatments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Traumatic Dental Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Patient Care Immediately Following Traumatic Dental Injuries . . . . . 39
Differential Diagnosis of Traumatic Dental Injuries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Subjective Information About the Traumatic Dental Injuries. . . . . . . . 40
Objective Information About the Traumatic Dental Injuries . . . . . . . . 40
Assessing Information to Reach a Differential Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . 41
Plan/Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Root and Crown Fractures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Tooth Fracture Diagnosis by Radiographic Examination . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Tooth Fracture Diagnosis by Clinical Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Tooth Fracture Diagnosis by Patient Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Identifi cation of the Type of Traumatic Dental Injury . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Types of Traumatic Dental Injuries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Diagnosis of Traumatic Dental Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Emergency Care for a Traumatic Dental Injury . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Diagnosis and Treatment Modalities for Dental Trauma . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Treatment Planning for Dental Traumatic Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Treatment for Dental Traumatic Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Avulsed Tooth Replantation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Treatment for Replanting Avulsed Teeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Evaluating the Success of Replanted Avulsed Teeth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Delaying Treatment to Traumatically Injured Teeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Local Anesthesia for Traumatically Injured Teeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Repositioning and Stabilizing Traumatically Injured Teeth . . . . . . . . . 56
Prognosis of Traumatically Injured Teeth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Orthodontic Movement of Traumatized Teeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Patient Home Care Instructions for Traumatically Injured Teeth . . . . . 57
Antibiotics and Tetanus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Root Resorption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Differential Radiographic Diagnosis of Root Resorption . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Treatments for Root Resorption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Anesthesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Pain Management for Trauma and Endodontics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Local Anesthesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Accomplishing Profound Local Anesthesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Selecting Local Anesthesia by Type and Dose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Injecting Local Anesthesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Failure to Accomplish Pulpal Anesthesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Tips for Accomplishing Pulpal Anesthesia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Reversal of Local Anesthesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Tooth Whitening Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Causes of Tooth Discoloration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Whitening or Bleaching Teeth Without a Pulp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Summary of Dental Traumatic Injuries, Antibiotics, and Anesthetics . . . 66
Quiz for the Topics Covered in Chapter 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
3 Treatments for Traumatized and Diseased Immature Teeth:
Pulpotomy, Cvek Partial Pulpotomy, Apexifi cation,
Apexogenesis, and Regenerative Endodontics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Saving Traumatized and Diseased Immature Teeth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Diagnosing the Health of the Pulp in Traumatized and Diseased Teeth . . 73
Treatments for Traumatic Injuries and Caries Decay to Immature Teeth . 74
Endodontic Terminology for Treatments for Immature Teeth. . . . . . . . . . 75
Apex Size and Stage of Tooth Maturity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Age, Health Status, and Compliance of Patients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Root Canal Disinfection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Dental Materials in Contact with Vital Pulp and Tissues . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Endodontic Sealers in Contact with Vital Pulp and Tissues . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Apexogenesis and Cvek Partial Pulpotomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Apexifi cation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Alternative Treatments to Apexifi cation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Revascularization of the Root Canal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Regenerative Endodontic Treatments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Comparison of Treatments on Root Length. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Tooth Avulsion and Root Canal Revascularization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Test Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
4 Oral Pathology and Imaging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Digital Radiographs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Radiation Dosage and Avoiding Incidental Radiation Exposure. . . . . . . . 99
X-Rays and Radiographs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Types of Radiographs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Bitewing Radiographs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Periapical Radiographs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Occlusal Radiographs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Full Mouth Series of Radiographs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Panoramic Radiographs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Cone Beam Computed Tomography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
CBCT Field of View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
CBCT Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
CBCT Detection of Apical Periodontitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Radiographic Description of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology . . . . . . . . 107
Radiolucent/Radiopaque Lesions of the Jaws. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Periapical Cyst or Radicular Cyst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Dentigerous Cyst or Follicular Cyst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Lateral Periodontal Cyst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Ameloblastoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Central Giant Cell Granuloma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Odontoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Ossifying Fibroma or Osteofi brous Dysplasia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Cementoblastoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Focal-Osseous Dysplasia or Cemento-osseous Dysplasia. . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Odontogenic Myxoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Solitary Eosinophilic Granuloma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Quiz for the Topics Covered in Chapter 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
5 Endodontic Access Considerations Based on Root
Canal Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Access Preparation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Criteria for the Root Canal Access Preparation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Aging of the Dental Pulp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Removal of the Dental Pulp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Identifying the Shape and Position of the
Cement-Enamel Junction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Law of Root Canal Centrality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Law of Root Canal Concentricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Tooth Angulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Distance from the Cusp Tip to the Floor of the Pulp Chamber . . . . . . . . . 122
Positioning the Root Canal Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Access Modifi cation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Root Canals by Tooth Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Mandibular First Molar Teeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Mandibular Second Molar Teeth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Maxillary First Molar Teeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Maxillary Second Molar Teeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Bur Size for a Root Canal Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Technique for Root Canal Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Step 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Step 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Step 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Law of Dentin Color Change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Orifi ce Number and Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Quiz for the Topics Covered in Chapter 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
6 Instrumentation (Techniques, File Systems,
File Types, and Techniques) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Cleaning and Shaping of the Root Canals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Root Canal Instrumentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Tooth Length Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Final Instrumentation and Shaping the Root Canal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Cleaning and Shaping to the Root Apex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Size of Apical Enlargement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Shape and Size of the Instrumented Root Canal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Endodontic Hand File Geometries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Endodontic Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Using Hand Files and Instruments to Shape the Root Canals . . . . . . . . . . 138
Anti-curvature Filing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Accessory Canals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Steps for Instrumenting the Root Canals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Culturing and Medication of Root Canals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Perforation Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Quiz for the Topics Covered in Chapter 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
7 Irrigation of Root Canals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Irrigating the Infected Root Canal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Functions of Irrigating Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Types and Dilutions of Irrigating Solutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Functions of Chelating Agents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Activation of Irrigating Solution and Chelating Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Quiz for the Topics Covered in Chapter 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
8 Root Canal Obturation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Root Canal Sealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Selecting Obturation Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Gutta-Percha Obturation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Summary of the Root Canal Obturation Technique. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Alternative Root Canal Obturation Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Silver Point Obturation of Root Canals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Pastes to Obturate Root Canals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Composite Resins to Obturate Root Canals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Posttreatment Patient Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Posttreatment Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Treatment of a Flare-Up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Considerations for Restoring Endodontically Treated Teeth . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Quiz for the Topics Covered in Chapter 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
9 Periradicular Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Surgery in Endodontic Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Types of Surgeries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Restorative and Occlusal Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Guidelines for Surgery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Surgical Flap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Complications of Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Quiz for the Topics Covered in Chapter 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183

راهنمای سفر به کشورها

اختصاصی از فی فوو راهنمای سفر به کشورها دانلود با لینک مستقیم و پر سرعت .

اگر مسافرت می روید این نرم افزار هزینه سفر شما را کاهش و لذت و شادی شما را افزایش می دهد.

اگر به سفر نرفته اید این نرم افزار شما را به رفتن وسوسه می کند.

اگر به هر دلیلی نمی توانید مسافرت کنید.این نرم افزار تصویر نسبتا درستی از سفر و زندگی مردم کشورهای گوناگون را به شما می دهد.

شما قبل از رفتن به سفر چیکار می کنید؟
خب معلومه ! برای اینکه بتونید تجربه سفری آسون و لذت بخش رو تجربه کنید سعی میکنید یه سری اطلاعات راجع به شهر مقصد، مکانهای تفریحی، جاهای مهم و رستورانهای خوبش و خیلی چیزای دیگه رو از اینترنت، مجله و… پیدا کنید.
باید کلی وقت صرف کنیم تا اطلاعاتی رو که بدست آوردیم دسته بندی کنیم و روی کاغذ بنویسیم تا گیج نشیم؛ واقعا سخته.
اگر شما هم میخواین راه حل بهتر و آسون تری داشته باشید، اپلیکیشن ساخته شده برای رفع نیازهای شما
حالا میخواید برای آشنایانتون سوغاتی بخرید ؟ یا شایدم اسم و آدرس چند تا رستوران خوب رو میخواید؟ راستی امشب تو کدوم هتل میمونید؟! شما میتونید جواب این سوالا و خیلی سوالای دیگه رو به راحتی ازاین اپلیکیشن بدست بیارید.

در این برنامه ، هر آنچه که شما در اینگونه موارد لازم است بدانید، وجود دارد.

اطلاعات بسیار جامعی از نقاط مختلف دنیا در این برنامه گنجانده شده است.
همچنین در برنامه آموزش های بسیار مفیدی در مورد روش سفر کردن به انواع شرایط آب و هوایی و اینکه در هر کجای  دنیا باید چگونه رفتار کنید ، چه وسایلی داشته باید،چگونه خود را به بهترین نحو با آنجا تطبیق دهید و ... وجود دارد.
و آموزش های بسیار جامعی در مورد امنیت در سفر به هر کجای دنیا .

همچنین این برنامه دارای اطلاعاتی کامل درباره ی...
_اطلاعات کلی
_هتل ها
_مراکز خرید
_روش خرید
_آب هوا
_بهترین وقت سفر
_روش کاپوتاژ خودرو
_رستوران ها
_مکان های دیدنی

می باشد.

تنها با هزینه ای بسیار کم، هر آنچه که در مورد یک سفر لذت بخش لازم است بدانید را به دست بیاورید و سفر امن و خاطره انگیزی را برای خود و خانواده خود رقم بزنید.

Guide to Environment, Safety and Health Management, 2016

اختصاصی از فی فوو Guide to Environment, Safety and Health Management, 2016 دانلود با لینک مستقیم و پر سرعت .

Guide to Environment, Safety and Health Management

Developing, Implementing & Maintaining a Continuous Improvement Program

مطالب

1. Environment Safety and Health (ES&H)...................................................1
1.1 Introduction............................................................................................1
1.2 ES&H Hazards Identification and Control........................................1
1.2.1 Definition of the Scope of Work..............................................2
1.2.2 Identification of Hazards.........................................................2
1.2.3 Mitigation of Hazards..............................................................4
1.3 Application of ES&H in the Design Process......................................5
1.4 Application in Operations and Maintenance Activities...................6
1.5 Work Control Process............................................................................6
1.6 Worker Feedback....................................................................................8
1.7 Organization Design.............................................................................8
1.7.1 Radiation Safety........................................................................9
1.7.2 Worker Safety and Health.....................................................10
1.7.2.1 Industrial Hygiene..................................................10
1.7.2.2 Industrial Safety......................................................10
1.7.3 Occupational Health...............................................................11
1.7.4 Environmental Science and Protection...............................11
1.8 Environment Safety and Health of the Past.....................................12
1.9 Environment Safety and Health in the Present...............................12
1.10 Environment Safety and Health in the Future................................13
1.11 R2A2s.....................................................................................................13
1.12 Project Management Approach to ES&H.........................................14
1.13 The Benefits of Compliance................................................................16
1.14 The Penalty of Noncompliance..........................................................17
1.15 The Catchall of Compliance...............................................................18
1.16 Communication....................................................................................19
1.17 Summary...............................................................................................19
2. ES&H Organizational Structure................................................................21
2.1 Introduction..........................................................................................21
2.2 Organization Structure Development..............................................21
2.2.1 Divisional Organization Structure.......................................22
2.2.2 Functional Organization Structure......................................23
2.2.3 Matrix Organization Structure.............................................25

2.3 ES&H Organization Structure...........................................................26
2.3.1 ES&H Functional Organization............................................28
2.3.2 ES&H Matrix Organization...................................................28
2.4 ES&H Organization Structure at the Department or Group Level.......................................................................................................29
2.4.1 Radiation Protection...............................................................29
2.4.2 Environment Safety and Health Support Services............30
2.4.3 Worker Safety and Health.....................................................31
2.4.4 Environment Protection.........................................................32
2.4.5 Occupational Health Services...............................................33
2.4.6 Environment Safety and Health Training...........................34
2.5 Summary...............................................................................................34
3. Radiation Protection.....................................................................................37
3.1 Introduction..........................................................................................37
3.2 Management and Organizational Structure....................................38
3.3 Roles and Responsibilities..................................................................39
3.4 Radiological Program Flow-Down of Requirements......................39
3.5 Regulatory Requirements...................................................................40
3.6 Radiation Protection Programs..........................................................41
3.6.1 Radiological Control Manuals..............................................41
3.6.2 Radiological Protection Policies and Procedures...............42
3.7 Radiological Protection Program Assessment.................................43
3.8 Training in Radiation Protection.......................................................44
3.9 Radiation Protection Documentation...............................................45
3.10 Complacency in the Workplace..........................................................46
3.11 Response to Abnormal Conditions...................................................46
3.12 Balance between Being a Company and a Worker Representative....47
3.13 Summary...............................................................................................48
4. Worker Safety and Health...........................................................................51
4.1 Introduction..........................................................................................51
4.2 Industrial Hygiene Programs.............................................................53
4.2.1 Asbestos...................................................................................53
4.2.2 Beryllium..................................................................................55
4.2.3 Biosafety...................................................................................56
4.2.4 Chemical Safety and Hygiene (Hazard Communication)....56
4.2.5 Confined Space........................................................................57
4.2.6 Food Safety..............................................................................57
4.2.7 Heat Stress...............................................................................57
4.2.8 Lead...........................................................................................57
4.2.9 Nanotechnology......................................................................58
4.2.10 Hearing Conservation—Noise.............................................58
4.2.11 LASER.......................................................................................58
4.2.12 Personal Protective Equipment.............................................59

4.2.13 Refractory Ceramic Fibers.....................................................59
4.2.14 Respiratory Protection...........................................................60
4.2.15 Silica..........................................................................................60
4.3 Occupational and Industrial Safety..................................................60
4.3.1 Aerial Lifts...............................................................................60
4.3.2 Construction Safety................................................................62
4.3.3 Hoisting and Rigging.............................................................62
4.3.4 Hazardous Energy..................................................................62
4.3.4.1 Lockout, Tagout.......................................................63
4.3.5 Elevators and Escalators........................................................63
4.3.6 Ergonomics..............................................................................63
4.3.7 Explosives and Blasting Agent Safety.................................64
4.3.8 Fall Protection.........................................................................64
4.3.9 Powered Industrial Trucks....................................................64
4.3.10 Ladders.....................................................................................65
4.3.11 Lighting—Illumination..........................................................65
4.3.12 Machine Guarding.................................................................65
4.3.13 Pressure Safety........................................................................66
4.3.14 Signs..........................................................................................66
4.3.15 Traffic Safety............................................................................66
4.3.16 Walking-Working Surfaces....................................................66
4.3.17 Welding, Cutting, Soldering, and Brazing..........................67
4.4 Medical Surveillance Program...........................................................67
4.5 Occupational Exposure Limits...........................................................67
4.6 Analytical Laboratory.........................................................................68
4.7 Summary...............................................................................................68
5. Occupational Health and Medicine...........................................................71
5.1 Introduction..........................................................................................71
5.2 Management and Administration.....................................................72
5.3 Functions of the Occupational Health Staff.....................................73
5.3.1 Preemployment Physicals......................................................74
5.3.2 Medical Surveillance..............................................................75
5.3.3 Injury and Illness Evaluation................................................76
5.3.4 Fitness for Duty.......................................................................77
5.3.5 Return-to-Work Process.........................................................78
5.4 Prevention and Wellness Programs..................................................79
5.5 Injury and Illness Case Management and Reporting....................80
5.6 Challenges of Managing an Occupational Health Program.........82
5.7 Summary...............................................................................................83
6. Environmental Protection............................................................................85
6.1 Introduction..........................................................................................85
6.2 Organization Structure and Design..................................................85
6.3 Regulatory Structure and Drivers.....................................................88
6.4 Waste Management..............................................................................89
6.5 Environmental Permits....................................................................... 91
6.6 Regulatory Compliance and Reporting............................................ 91
6.7 Environmental Sustainability............................................................93
6.8 Employee Involvement........................................................................93
6.9 Environmental Interest Groups.........................................................94
6.10 Environmental Audits and Inspections...........................................94
6.10.1 Environmental Management Systems.................................95
6.10.2 Compliance Auditing.............................................................95
6.11 Summary...............................................................................................97
7. ES&H Program Support...............................................................................99
7.1 Introduction..........................................................................................99
7.2 Performance Assurance Office......................................................... 100
7.3 Communication Office...................................................................... 101
7.4 Injury and Illness Management and Reporting Office................ 102
7.5 Business and Finance Office............................................................. 103
7.6 Program Management Office........................................................... 104
7.7 Chemical Safety.................................................................................. 108
7.8 Summary............................................................................................. 110
8. ES&H Training............................................................................................. 111
8.1 Introduction........................................................................................ 111
8.2 Systematic Approach to Training.................................................... 113
8.2.1 Analysis of Training............................................................. 114
8.2.2 Design of Training................................................................ 116
8.2.3 Development of Training..................................................... 117
8.2.4 Implementation of Training................................................ 118
8.2.5 Training Evaluation for Effectiveness................................ 119
8.3 ES&H Training................................................................................... 120
8.4 Tracking of Training.......................................................................... 120
8.5 Training Records Retention..............................................................122
8.6 Summary.............................................................................................122
9. Continuous Improvement of Environment Safety and Health......... 125
9.1 Introduction........................................................................................ 125
9.2 Assessing the ES&H Organization................................................. 125
9.2.1 Assessment Techniques....................................................... 126
9.2.2 Performance-Based
Assessment Model............................ 127
9.2.3 Assessment Functional Elements....................................... 127
9.2.3.1 Compliance Functional Element......................... 128
9.2.3.2 Effectiveness Functional Element....................... 128
9.2.3.3 Quality Functional Element................................ 129
9.2.4 Performance-Based
Assessment Plan................................ 130
9.2.4.1 Assessment Plan Objectives................................ 130
9.2.4.2 Schedule of Performance...................................... 131
9.2.4.3 Identification of Assessor(s).................................131
9.2.4.4 Assessment Criteria and Lines of Inquiry.........132
9.2.5 Assessment Reporting and Results....................................132
9.2.5.1 General Assessment Information.......................132
9.2.5.2 Signature Approval Page.....................................133
9.2.5.3 Summary of Assessment Techniques and Observations..........................................................133
9.3 Performance Metrics and Performance Indicators........................134
9.3.1 Performance Metrics............................................................134
9.3.2 Performance Indicators........................................................135
9.3.3 Leading Metrics and Indicators..........................................138
9.3.4 Lagging Metrics and Indicators..........................................138
9.3.5 Qualities of Solid Performance Metrics and Indicators................................................................................139
9.3.6 Performance Metrics and Indicators in the Continuous Improvement Process.....................................140
9.3.7 Use of ES&H Metrics and Performance Indicators in Company Management........................................................143
9.4 Summary.............................................................................................144
10. Project Management Approach to Environment Safety and Health....145
10.1 Introduction........................................................................................145
10.2 The Project Management Approach................................................145
10.3 ES&H Scheduling..............................................................................146
10.4 Managing Cost...................................................................................152
10.5 ES&H Managers as Project Managers............................................152
10.5.1 Leadership Skill....................................................................154
10.5.2 Team Building.......................................................................154
10.5.3 Differing Opinion Resolution.............................................155
10.5.4 Technical Knowledge...........................................................156
10.5.5 Resource Allocation and Management..............................156
10.5.6 Organizational Skills............................................................156
10.5.7 Planning Skills......................................................................156
10.6 Time Management.............................................................................157
10.7 Summary.............................................................................................159
11. Succession Planning...................................................................................161
11.1 Introduction........................................................................................161
11.2 Employee Retention Strategy...........................................................162
11.3 The Role of Management in the Succession Planning Process....163
11.4 Attributes of a Good Succession Plan.............................................164
11.4.1 Identify Key Positions..........................................................165
11.4.2 Identification of Key Competencies...................................166
11.4.3 Identification of Candidates................................................167
11.4.4 Candidate Communication.................................................168
11.4.5 Gap Analysis......................................................................... 169
11.4.6 Define the Training and Development Plan..................... 170
11.4.7 Implementation of the Training and Development
Plan......................................................................................... 173
11.4.8 Evaluate Succession Plan..................................................... 173
11.5 The Role of a Mentor in Succession Planning................................ 174
11.6 External Hiring Process.................................................................... 175
11.7 ES&H Organizational Succession Strategy.................................... 175
11.8 Summary............................................................................................. 177
12. Technology and the ES&H Profession.................................................... 179
12.1 Introduction........................................................................................ 179
12.2 Use of Technology in the Workplace............................................... 180
12.2.1 Search Engines...................................................................... 180
12.2.2 Regulations and Standards................................................. 180
12.2.3 Applications Used by the ES&H Discipline...................... 181
12.2.4 Communications and Graphics.......................................... 182
12.2.5 Emergency Response........................................................... 182
12.2.6 Employee Observational Programs................................... 183
12.2.7 Training and Certification................................................... 184
12.3 Types of Technological Devices....................................................... 184
12.3.1 Smartphones.......................................................................... 184
12.3.2 Laptops and Tablets.............................................................. 185
12.3.3 Portable Instrumentation..................................................... 185
12.3.4 Simulation Devices and Digital Imaging.......................... 186
12.4 Technology Considerations.............................................................. 187
12.4.1 Organization and Storage of Media................................... 187
12.4.2 Validation of Data Used for Reporting.............................. 187
12.4.3 Security Protection of Electronic Data............................... 188
12.4.4 Use of Electronic Devices in the Workplace..................... 188
12.4.5 Social Media Sites and Networking within a
Technological Work Environment...................................... 188
12.4.6 Planning Costs Associated with Technological Devices.... 189
12.4.7 Overcoming Generational Differences.............................. 189
12.5 Cost–Benefit
Analysis........................................................................ 190
12.6 Summary............................................................................................. 192
13. Culture in the ES&H Work Environment.............................................. 193
13.1 Introduction........................................................................................ 193
13.2 Impact of Culture in the ES&H Environment............................... 194
13.2.1 Safety and Health................................................................. 194
13.2.2 Radiological Protection........................................................ 195
13.2.3 Environmental Protection................................................... 196
13.3 Methods to Evaluate Culture...........................................................196
13.3.1 One-on-One Daily Discussions..........................................197
13.3.2 Interviews..............................................................................198
13.3.2.1 Individual Interviews...........................................198
13.3.2.2 Group Interviews..................................................198
13.3.2.3 General Considerations When Interviewing....199
13.3.3 Surveys...................................................................................199
13.3.4 Performance Indicators........................................................200
13.4 Culture Improvement Initiatives within ES&H............................201
13.4.1 Defined Culture Values........................................................201
13.4.2 Key Performance Indicators................................................201
13.4.3 Leadership and Supervisor Training.................................202
13.4.4 Communications Plan..........................................................204
13.4.5 Focused Campaigns.............................................................204
13.4.6 Employee Involvement Committees..................................205
13.5 Tools for Improving Culture............................................................205
13.5.1 Organizational Culture Questionnaire.............................206
13.5.2 Culture Improvement Plan..................................................207
13.6 Summary.............................................................................................207
14. The Impact of Trust in an ES&H Organization....................................209
14.1 Introduction........................................................................................209
14.2 Trust the Building Block for Organizational Success...................210
14.3 The Impact of Mistrust in an Organization...................................210
14.4 The Role of Trust in an ES&H Organization..................................211
14.5 How to Establish Trust with Customers.........................................213
14.5.1 Humility.................................................................................215
14.5.2 Relationship...........................................................................215
14.5.3 Openness and Honesty........................................................215
14.5.4 Concern for Employees........................................................215
14.5.5 Competence...........................................................................215
14.5.6 Identification..........................................................................216
14.5.7 Reliability...............................................................................216
14.6 The Role of the ES&H Leadership Team in Building Trust.........216
14.7 The Corporate Safety Culture and Trust........................................217
14.8 Assessing Organizational Trust......................................................219
14.9 Summary.............................................................................................220
References............................................................................................................223